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Contents Managements Systems and its
applications in the Health field.
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Gabriela Vujacich Educational Department, |
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Jorge Raúl Rodríguez Medico, Informatica Médica |
Translation: Cintia Soro
Introduction
The Internet appearance at a world-wide level in the' 90 decade was totally revolutionary for the known communications standards until that moment. Quickly the Web was full of all type of information. Nevertheless, the dynamics contents took a long time in appearing, and the statics pages dominated the panorama in that stage. The arrival of programming languages that can be absorbed by the HTML code like for example the Javascript, supposed an important advance in the interactivity of the web pages that compose the World Wide Web.Afterwards, thanks to the reached developments in the community of free software, Internet took an important impulse and it converted in the main source of information at a world-wide level.
In second half of the 90,the PHP language, the base system of MySQL data, and the Apache Web server, went turning standars of all the dinamics pages of all type of information. From the last five years, this joint of opened code programs, are a true standard for the dynamics informative systems construction in Internet.
An information portal in the Interent is a joint of dynamic and interactive web pages, lodged in a specific Web server, and with a support in a relational data base system prepared for such aim. The portals of information can be classify according to its objectives in several types: portals of information multipropose or generals: they are the Content Management Systems (CMS) or content administrators systems, Blogs or bitacoras of news, discussion forums, images gallery, Wikis or documentation for community text system, distance education system (e-learning) and Groupware or work groups portals.
The utility of all this systems is very rich and it is converting in another new standard of Internet communication. For its multiple advantages, all of them are potentially applicable to the contents related to the health field.
The propose of this conference is in general to comment its characteristics and for several reasons to stimulate the professionals of the health area to use them: its simplicity in administration, its opensource characteristic and because in its greater part are absolutely free.
Note: part of the marked information of this document it has been taken from the origin sources of the enunciated developments. In order to extend the same one we suggested to remit to it.
CMS
CMS is acronim of Content Management System, in english, and it means content administrator System (as we previously mentioned). A CMS allows the creation and administration of contents mainly in Web pages.
It consists of an interface that controls one or several data bases where the content of the site lodges. The system allows the independent handle of the content and from another way the design of the Web. Thus it is possible to handle the contents and at any time give the Web site a different design without having to give format to the content again.Besides easily and controlled allow the users(publisher) to publish in the site. All this it is under the control of an administrator usuary who has access to the Web site configuration, administration of the published documents and of the users who participate. Several CMS have other characteristics like for example: discussion forums, webmail service, raise and descent of archives from the site, preparation and publication of surveys, addition of commentaries and news, etc.
There are several products developed and available in Internet to lower and use. Can obtained more information of CMS in the following direction: http://opensourcecms.com
Some used CMS are:
Mambo: http://www.mamboserver.com and http://www.mambohispano.org
PHPnuke: http://www.phpnuke.org
PostNuke: http://www.postnuke.org
XOOPS.org: http://www.xoops.org
Drupal: http://www.drupal.org
Distance capacitation systems (e-learning)
The distance capacitation systems are specially design for teaching establishment objectives, mainly the development of distance courses.In many cases are organized to lodge multimedial contents. They are prepared by an administrator who handles the system configuration, professors and students who accede to these courses.They are supported in a data base system of MySQL type, PostgreSQL or similars.The greater part are developed in PHP language and they run on Apache web server platform.
An education manegement system (course management system or learning management system in english), is an application design to help teachers to create quality in line courses. These types of distance learning system are sometimes called apprenticeship virtual ambient or in line learnings.
A clasic and very used example, is the Moodle system.
Moodle was created by Martin Dougiamas, who worked as administrator of WebCT in Curtin University, and he based on pedagogy constructivism works, that affirm that the knowledge is constructed in the mind of the student instead of being transmitted without changes from books or education. A professor who operates from this point of view creates an atmosphere centered in the student who aid to construct that knowledge on the basis of its abilities and own knowledge instead of simply publishing and transmitting the information that they consider that the students must know.
Moodle has come evolving from 1999 and new versions continue being produced. In January of 2005, the base of registered users includes 2,600 sites in more of 100 countries and it is translate in more than 50 languages. The biggest site reports to have 6,000 courses and 30,000 students at the mement.
The Moodle word was an acronim of Modulating Object-Oriented Dynamic Learning Environment in the beginning (Surroundings of Dynamic Learning Oriented Objects and Modulating), which is fundamentally useful for programmers and theoric teachers. Also it is a verb that describes the lazy wander process through something, and to do things when tou want to do them, a pleasant botched job that often takes you to vision and creativity. The two meanings are applied to the way in which Moodle was developed and to the way in which a student or professor could come near to study or teach in a course in line. All who uses Moodle is a Moodler.
Then, Moodle is a software package for the creation of courses and Web sites based on Internet. Is a developing project design to give support to a constructive social educacion frame.
Moodle is free distributed like free Software (Open Source) (under public GPL license of GNU). Basically this means that Moodle has author right (copyright), but that you have some liberties. You can copy, use and modify Moodle whenever you accepts: to provide the source code to others, not to modify or eliminate the original license, and to apply this same license to any work derived from it.For more details read the license and contact the owner of the autho rights if you have any question.
Some of Moodle advantages are:
+ Lean the social constructionist pedagogy (collaboration,learning activities, critic reflectio, etc.)
+ Appropriate to give in line classes to the 100% as much as to help in classes face to face.
+ Compatible interfase with any navigator.
+ Easy to install in the greater part of the platforms.
+ Of easy administration, the students can create their own accounts.
+ The students are impelled to construct a profile in line including their photos and extensive descriptions.
+ Can choose the format of the course per week, per subject or per discussion subject based on a social format.
For more information,go to:
http://www.moodle.org
http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/moodle
Other examples of systems e-learning can be found in the following directions:
Atutor: http://www.atutor.ca
Claroline: http://www.claroline.net
Dokeos: http://www.dokeos.com
Wordcircle: http://www.wordcircle.org
Blog or bitacora news
A blog, weblog or bitacora is Web page whose content has a chronological structure, like a newspaper, and that usually is updated with enough frequency. In a Blog it is possible to write about any topic. You can write about personal topics, technological, political, cultural, of health field.
-The blogs are Web pages that are usually constituted by short pieces, informal, that are frequently updated and that are chronologicaly placed. The Blogs make easy the comunication between internauts, with a easy and simple way different from traditional emails and the discussion forums.A Blog is a Web site easy to use in which you can quiclky express yours opinions and interact with other users, or to serve as a notice board.
- A bitacora or weblog is a chronologicaly and categorical organized contents management system. In the main page appeared the last histories in an inverse chronological order, allowing the access to the file to passed histories per date or category.Among its characteristics: it allows visitors commentaries, usually allows to publish in (RSS, RDF or Atom) formats that allows to syndicate or to read the contents without acceding to its original presentation, each history or post has own URL, and also can lodge pages with documentation.
- An example of blog can be seen applied to health in the blog of the Free Health Community that is in http://saludlibre.org/blog
The style and contents format of blogs can be diverse. As often are personal blogs, because the style and the contents reflect the author`s in each case.
¿Which is the difference between a weblog and a personal page? . The great difference is that the blogs are quiclky updated, and do not require previous HTML knowledge, since the greater part of sites that offer free blogs offer done personnels in which it is very easy to present the information that each one wants to publish. The world of blogs it is very related to the news and the present time.
It can be an informative site, a site in which an expert offers information about its specialty field with other experts.
For more information go to the blogs selection of : http://opensourcecms.com
Wikis
A wiki or WikiWiki (of "wiki wiki", that means "fast" in the hawaian language)is:
A hypertext web pages collection, that can be visited and published by any person at any time (although the user registry is demanded in some). It is a on line document creation system, in which a unlimited number of users can participate.
A collaborative information technology application in a servant that allows that the lodge documents there (the wiki pages) be written through a navigator by a collaborative form, using a simple note to give format, create connections, insert images, panels, etc. When somebody publishes a wiki page, their changes appear in the web immediately, without pass any type of previous revision. Nevertheless exist wiki systems that allow that an administrator forms its surroundings and discharge the users who are going to use it.
The origins of wikis are in the patterns design community, that used them to write and discuss patterns. The first WikiWikiWeb was created by Ward Cunningham, who invented and gave name to the wiki concept, and produced the first Wiki Wiki servant implementation for Portland patterns repositor (Portland Pattern Repository) in 1995. In Ward´s words,a wiki is "the simplest online data base that could possibly work "(the simplest online database that could possibly work). Ward´s Wiki is still one of the most popular wiki sites.
In January of 2001, Nupedia, Jimbo Wales and Larry Sanger, founders of the encyclopedia project, decided to use wiki as bases for Wikipedia project.
At the moment,the biggest wiki that exists is the english version of Wikipedia, followed by several other versions of the project. The Wikis foreign to Wikipedia are smaller, generally due to the fact of being much more specialized. For example, is very frequent the creation of wikis to provide the informatic programs of documents.The Wikis are an excellent tool to create interactive documentaction for the health field,as for example: norms, procedure guides, articles, projects, etc.
Advantages
The main utility of a wiki is that allows the instantaneous creation and improvement of the pages, giving a great freedom to the user, and through a very simple interface. This make that more people participate in its improvement, unlike more traditional systems, where is more difficult that the users of the site contribute to improve it.
Given the great rapidity as the contents are updated, the "wiki" word adopts all its sense. The resulting hypertext document, also denominated "wiki" or "WikiWikiWeb", it was typically produced by a users community, or professionals of the health area, for example: infections control procedure wiki,chagas illness documentation wiki,tuberculosis treatment and diagnosis wiki guides.
Examples of wikis:
DokuWiki: http://www.splitbrain.org/dokuwiki/wiki:dokuwiki
MediaWiki: http://www.mediawiki.org/
PmWiki: http://www.pmwiki.org/
Groupware
Collaborative information technology or Groupware programe (English voice) talks about the information technology programs that integrate the work in an unique project with many concurrent users who are in diverse workstations, connected through a network (Internet or Intranet). This type of systems allows the use in group of several tools like for example: calendar, chat, diary, webmail, discussion forums, etc. This way many users share the same resources generating a virtual collaborative group. Some Groupware also allow the creation of projects and its pursuit (although exist specifics systems for this task called managers or management project systems). They are very useful for the work group in the health atmosphere like in other disciplines.
Examples:
Acollab: http://www.atutor.ca/acollab/
DotProject: http://www.dotproject.net/
eGroupware: http://www.egroupware.org/
Php-Collab: http://www.php-collab.org/
Php-project: http://www.phprojekt.com/
Publicación: September 2005
Este documento se publica bajo licencia FDL
(GNU Free Documentation License. Version 1.2, November 2002)
de la Free Software Foundation. El copyright pertenece a los autores.
Para más detalles consulte a: http://www.fsf.org/licensing/licenses/fdl.txt
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